Solar Panel Installation Guide: What to Expect

A typical installation for a 4kW (10-panel) system follows this schedule:

Morning (Day 1)

The team arrives, usually between 8:00 and 9:00. They erect scaffolding (which may have been set up the day before for larger systems). Roof hooks or brackets are secured to the rafters through the tiles. Mounting rails are attached to the brackets, creating the framework for the panels.

Afternoon (Day 1)

Panels are lifted onto the roof and secured to the rails. DC cabling is run from the panels to the inverter location (usually in the loft, garage, or utility room). The team ensures all connections are weatherproof and the installation is tidy.

Day 2 (if needed)

The electrician installs and connects the inverter to your consumer unit (fuse box). AC and DC isolators are fitted for safety. The system is tested, and the monitoring system (usually a phone app) is set up. The installer runs through how everything works and answers your questions.

Smaller systems (8 panels or fewer) can often be completed in a single day. Larger systems or complex roof layouts may take an additional day. You do not normally need to be home for the entire installation, but you should be available at the start and end of each day.

In England, Scotland, and Wales, solar panels on most residential properties are classed as permitted development and do not require planning permission, provided:

• Panels do not protrude more than 200mm from the roof surface
• Panels do not extend above the highest point of the roof (excluding chimneys)
• The property is not a listed building
• The property is not in a conservation area, World Heritage Site, or Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) — in these areas, panels on a front-facing roof visible from a highway may need permission

In Northern Ireland, rules differ slightly, and you should check with your local planning authority. If in any doubt, your installer can advise, or you can contact your council for a definitive answer before proceeding.

The quality of your installation depends heavily on the installer you choose. Here is what to look for:

• MCS certification: This is non-negotiable. MCS (Microgeneration Certification Scheme) certification means the installer has been independently assessed for competence. It is also required for Smart Export Guarantee eligibility.
• RECC or HIES membership: These consumer protection schemes offer additional safeguards, including dispute resolution and insurance-backed warranties.
• Reviews and references: Check Trustpilot, Google reviews, and ask for references from recent local installations. A good installer should be happy to provide these.
• Detailed written quote: The quote should specify panel make and model, inverter type, warranty terms, mounting system, and a clear breakdown of all costs. Avoid installers who are vague about equipment or try to pressure you into signing quickly.
• Workmanship warranty: Beyond the panel and inverter manufacturer warranties, your installer should offer a workmanship warranty (typically 5–10 years) covering their installation work.
• Aftercare: Ask what happens if something goes wrong after installation. A good installer will have a clear process for handling issues and warranty claims.